Powers of Attorney: Protect Yourself, Not Just Your Heirs
The documents that matter while you're alive but unable to make decisions for yourself.
Two types, both essential
A financial power of attorney (POA) lets a trusted person manage your finances if you can't. A healthcare power of attorney (or healthcare proxy) does the same for medical decisions. Both should exist before they're needed.
Durable matters
A 'durable' POA remains effective if you become incapacitated. A standard POA terminates on incapacitation — which is exactly when you most need it. Always make POAs durable.
Springing vs immediate
An immediate POA takes effect when signed. A 'springing' POA takes effect only on incapacity, typically requiring physician certification. Immediate is simpler in a crisis; springing offers more privacy.
Pick the right agent
Someone trustworthy, financially competent, and willing. Not necessarily the oldest child or the closest relative — capability matters more than convention. Name a backup in case the primary can't serve.
Healthcare directives
Combine your healthcare POA with a living will (advance directive) describing your end-of-life preferences. Share copies with your physician, hospital, and family. The best directive is useless if nobody can find it.
Frequently asked questions
Can I revoke a POA?
Yes — at any time, as long as you have capacity. Revocation should be in writing and shared with relevant parties.
Does a POA work after death?
No — all POAs end at death. The executor of the will takes over.
Do I need separate state forms?
Each state has its own forms. If you move, redo your documents under the new state's law.